Digital Commonwealth

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  <mods:titleInfo displayLabel='primary_display' usage='primary'>
    <mods:title>USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</mods:title>
  </mods:titleInfo>
  <mods:name type='corporate'>
    <mods:namePart>United States Geological Survey (USGS)</mods:namePart>
    <mods:role>
      <mods:roleTerm authority='marcrelator' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators' type='text' valueURI='http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/cre'>Creator</mods:roleTerm>
    </mods:role>
  </mods:name>
  <mods:typeOfResource>Dataset</mods:typeOfResource>
  <mods:genre authority='lcgft' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms' displayLabel='specific' valueURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026297'>Geospatial data</mods:genre>
  <mods:genre authority='ogm' authorityURI='https://opengeometadata.org/ogm-aardvark/#' displayLabel='specific'>Point data</mods:genre>
  <mods:genre authority='lcgft' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms' displayLabel='general' valueURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2018026119'>Data sets</mods:genre>
  <mods:originInfo>
    <mods:dateIssued encoding='w3cdtf' keyDate='yes'>2021-03-26</mods:dateIssued>
  </mods:originInfo>
  <mods:physicalDescription>
    <mods:digitalOrigin>born digital</mods:digitalOrigin>
  </mods:physicalDescription>
  <mods:abstract>This data reflects the official names for places, features, and areas in the United States. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) created and maintains this dataset. The USGS offers a query interface to access this data, but it has limitations. This query service does not have a usable API endpoint, and limits queries to 2000 records. The USGS also provides the data in bulk, but the format is inefficient to use with GIS software. The LMEC has converted this inaccessible format to one that is more friendly for GIS, SQLite. This allows for efficient spatial indexing. The dataset's time coverage represents the present-day. </mods:abstract>
  <mods:note>This data was extracted and converted in November 2020</mods:note>
  <mods:subject>
    <mods:topic>Toponyms</mods:topic>
  </mods:subject>
  <mods:subject authority='lcsh' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects'>
    <mods:topic>Names, Geographical</mods:topic>
  </mods:subject>
  <mods:subject authority='geonames' authorityURI='http://sws.geonames.org' valueURI='http://sws.geonames.org/6252001'>
    <mods:geographic>United States</mods:geographic>
    <mods:cartographics>
      <mods:coordinates>39.76,-98.5</mods:coordinates>
    </mods:cartographics>
  </mods:subject>
  <mods:subject>
    <mods:cartographics>
      <mods:coordinates>-179.46805 -14.54749 179.983333 76.6896</mods:coordinates>
    </mods:cartographics>
  </mods:subject>
  <mods:subject>
    <mods:temporal encoding='w3cdtf' point='end'>2020-11</mods:temporal>
  </mods:subject>
  <mods:relatedItem type='host'>
    <mods:titleInfo>
      <mods:title>GIS Data Sets</mods:title>
    </mods:titleInfo>
  </mods:relatedItem>
  <mods:relatedItem displayLabel='What is the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)? (documentation)' xlink:href='' type='isReferencedBy'/>
  <mods:identifier type='uri'>https://ark-dc3dev.bpl.org/ark:/50959/fn107k29j</mods:identifier>
  <mods:identifier type='local-other'>ark:/76611/dkmqcoshg</mods:identifier>
  <mods:location>
    <mods:physicalLocation>Boston Public Library</mods:physicalLocation>
  </mods:location>
  <mods:location>
    <mods:url access='object in context' usage='primary'>https://ark-dc3dev.bpl.org/ark:/50959/fn107k29j</mods:url>
    <mods:url access='preview'>https://ark-dc3dev.bpl.org/ark:/50959/fn107k29j/thumbnail</mods:url>
  </mods:location>
  <mods:accessCondition displayLabel='license' type='use and reproduction'>This work is in the public domain under a Creative Commons No Rights Reserved License (CC0).</mods:accessCondition>
  <mods:accessCondition displayLabel='rights' type='use and reproduction'>No known copyright restrictions.</mods:accessCondition>
  <mods:recordInfo>
    <mods:recordContentSource>Boston Public Library</mods:recordContentSource>
    <mods:recordCreationDate encoding='w3cdtf'>2025-02-11T17:15:28Z</mods:recordCreationDate>
    <mods:recordChangeDate encoding='w3cdtf'>2025-02-11T17:15:28Z</mods:recordChangeDate>
    <mods:recordOrigin>human prepared</mods:recordOrigin>
    <mods:languageOfCataloging>
      <mods:languageTerm authority='iso639-2b' authorityURI='http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2' type='code' valueURI='http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng'>eng</mods:languageTerm>
    </mods:languageOfCataloging>
  </mods:recordInfo>
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